The command line is almost 50 years old, but it’s not outdated. Text-based terminals are still the best way to accomplish many tasks, even in the age of graphical desktops and touch-screen gadgets.
In fact, the command line is becoming more respected than ever with Microsoft creating a powerful new Windows Terminal application. Windows 10’s PowerShell environment is surprisingly powerful, but Microsoft still went out of its way to add support for basically the full Linux command-line environment to Windows 10.
The Command Line Was Once the Only Option
At one time if you wanted to interact with a computer, you typed. That was it. There was nothing else. That might sound restrictive and archaic, but as a step-up from having to use punched cards or perforated paper tapes, typing was radical and transformative. And migrating from teletypewriters with their rolls of paper to terminals with cathode ray tube (CRT) screens was another ground shift in human and computer interactions.
That step paved the way for the interactive shell to really come into its own. Now you could send instructions to the computer and very quickly have responses displayed on your screen. No more clack-clack-clack as you waited for your paper printout to clatter its way out of your teletypewriter.
Fair enough, but that was then, this is now. Computing is a whole different ball game. Apart from the obvious locked-in cases like using a computer that doesn’t have a graphical desktop environment installed, or using a remote computer via SSH over a low bandwidth connection, or controlling a headless or embedded system, why use the command line over a graphical desktop?
Jargon Explained
Terms like command line, terminal window, and shell are used almost interchangeably by some people. That’s incorrect jargon. They are all quite different. They’re related, but they’re not the same thing.
A terminal window is a window in a graphical desktop environment that runs an emulation of a teletype terminal.
The shell is the program that runs inside the terminal window. It takes your input and, depending on what you typed, tries to interpret and execute the instructions itself, pass them to some of the other utilities that make up the operating system, or find a script or program that matches what you have typed.
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